Unicef on Monday said that nearly half a million children in Bangladesh miss full immunization despite 81.6% coverage.
Marking the launch of World Immunization Week 2025, Unicef, WHO and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, highlighted that Bangladesh has made significant strides to increase immunization coverage, but stark disparities persist, raising serious concerns about the situation of almost half a million children.
Despite the remarkable progress of the country’s Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI), around 400,000 children are under-immunized and 70,000 (1.5%) have received no vaccines at all, Unicef said in its report.
The gap is wider in urban areas—only 79% of children are fully vaccinated, with 2.4% zero-dose and 9.8% under-immunized—compared to rural areas, where the coverage stands at 85%, it added.
Unicef, WHO and Gavi urged the government of Bangladesh to strengthen and sustain the national immunization program by reaffirming its high-level commitment to ensure adequate human resources and budget, prioritize urban immunization gaps, secure vaccine supply chains and scale up HPV vaccination while expanding digital innovations for better monitoring and outreach.
All these measures will create an environment to achieve over 95% valid vaccination coverage nationwide, leaving no child behind, the organizations said.
Gavi, Unicef and WHO reaffirmed their commitment to supporting the government of Bangladesh in protecting every child from vaccine-preventable diseases—paving the way for a healthier, more prosperous future.
“Since the launch of the EPI in 1979, Bangladesh has made remarkable progress—raising the coverage of fully immunized children from just 2% to 81.6%. This success reflects Bangladesh’s strong commitment and the tireless efforts of partners, NGOs and frontline health workers. But the final mile remains the hardest. Reaching every child and woman, especially in hard-to-reach and urban poor areas, demands renewed urgency, strengthened efforts and increased investment,” said Stanley Gwavuya, Unicef representative OiC in Bangladesh.
Unicef will continue its support to the Bangladesh immunization program to reach the last mile through the provision of technical support in planning, supply chain, cold chain, digital innovations, and demand generation, he added.
Bangladesh’s EPI is now saving an estimated 94,000 lives and preventing 5 million child illnesses each year—delivering an impressive $25 return for every $1 invested, Unicef said. However, challenges remain in reaching every child, it added.
Reaching the 70,000 zero-dose and 400,000 under-immunized children is critical, as they account for a large share of preventable child deaths in low- and middle-income countries, it said in its report.
These children often face compounded vulnerabilities such as poverty, lack of education and poor access to healthcare, it added.
Challenges to achieving full immunization, such as human resource constraints, immunization gaps in urban slums, access barriers in hard-to-reach areas and the upcoming transition from Gavi support—meaning the government will have to fully finance its national immunization program with domestic resources, including vaccine procurement, policy support, cold chain equipment and vaccine implementation—require urgent attention, Unicef said.
“As we mark World Immunization Week, we reaffirm our commitment to promote, provide, and protect health through the power of vaccines—one of the most effective and life-saving public health tools,” said Dr Ahmed Jamsheed Mohamed, WHO representative to Bangladesh.
He added that Bangladesh’s remarkable progress in immunization, even amid crises, reflects the strong leadership of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and the Directorate General of Health Services, as well as the dedication of health workers and support from partners.
“This year’s theme, Humanly Possible: Immunization for All, reminds us of what we can achieve together. To reach every child, we must continue investing in innovation, outreach and stronger health systems,” he said.
“WHO proudly stands with the government of Bangladesh and partners to ensure equitable access to vaccines and a healthier, more resilient future for every child.”
Unicef said it has been a key partner in Bangladesh's immunization journey since its inception, supporting planning, supply chain management, vaccine procurement, data systems and community engagement.
Innovative tools for efficient real-time monitoring and self-registration are driving wider and more efficient coverage.
Gavi supports comprehensive routine immunization in Bangladesh, working with partners like Unicef and WHO to combat diseases such as polio, measles, rubella and rotavirus.
Notably, since 2023, with Gavi support, Bangladesh has introduced a single-dose human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, targeting over 7 million girls aged 10–14 to prevent cervical cancer.
Through Gavi’s unique co-financing model, as a country’s income grows, its co-financing payments increase to eventually cover the full cost of their own vaccine programs.
“The need to maintain investments in immunization to improve health security and protect populations from vaccine-preventable diseases has never been more urgent if we are to sustain the progress and tangible impact seen across Bangladesh and South-East Asian countries,” said Sam Muller, the regional head, core countries at Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance.
“It is important that Gavi is fully funded for its next strategic period from 2026 to 2030, and governments continue their remarkable commitment to the life-saving power of vaccines. We cannot afford to lose ground in the fight against preventable diseases or addressing conditions that facilitate outbreaks to emerge and spread.”
