Misinformation and hate speech are inciting harm to refugees, with artificial intelligence exacerbating the spread, the United Nations warned Tuesday, as it urged tech giants to help turn the tide.
However, if handled the right way, AI could be put to good use in managing humanitarian crises, said Unhcr, the UN refugee agency.
Unhcr is taking part in the AI for Good Global Summit in Geneva, putting across its point that the world’s major displacement crises are often twinned with “information crises.’
The summit is an attempt by the wider UN to focus on using AI’s potential to serve humanity by solving global challenges, and to look at the state of AI standards.
“The spread of misinformation, hate speech and deepfakes is exacerbating and inciting real-world harm to refugees and humanitarians,” Gisella Lomax, Unhcr’s senior advisor on information integrity, told reporters.
Unhcr said this swirl of misinformation and disinformation had increased “false, hostile narratives targeting operations and staff.”
“In war and conflict and emergencies, these information risks are extremely sharp,” and can quickly lead to harm, she warned.
Lomax said trusted information was a necessity for refugee protection.
“We need to turn the tide on this, and I do see some encouraging progress,” she said, adding that it needed to be systematized and scaled up.
“Our call to action is to all tech companies, AI companies and digital platforms to partner, invest and collaborate with humanitarian organizations.”
Lomax said that when information was distorted, it could reduce access to jobs and education, make integration harder and threaten social cohesion.
“Online rumors, false accusations, scapegoating and dehumanizing speech have triggered protests and attacks. In extreme cases, they have been linked to physical violence, killings, and are even a factor in forced displacement,” she said.
Unhcr said generative AI was compounding the effects, at scale, saying deepfake videos of its staff and refugees were presenting a growing challenge.
Lomax said: “This isn’t about how legitimate societal concerns on migration and asylum are debated online -- but about life-threatening information risks that can lead to serious harm in humanitarian contexts.”
For example, said Lomax, smugglers and traffickers can exploit digital platforms to deceive people with false promises of safety and employment, leading them into dangerous situations.
Unhcr wants to ensure that content moderation tools work in humanitarian contexts, and in less-common languages.
Unhcr says there were 117.8 million forcibly displaced people worldwide at the end of 2025, of whom 68.7 million were internally displaced and 35.6 million were refugees under its mandate.
Of those refugees, two-thirds come from five countries: Venezuela, Ukraine, Syria, Afghanistan and Sudan.
