As the heatwave is continuing with high temperatures across the country, many people, mainly children, are falling sick.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) says when someone feels dizzy, weak, anxious or has intense thirst and headache during a heatwave, it is best to move to a cool place as soon as possible and measure body temperature.
Drinking some water or fruit juice can rehydrate the body.
Taking rest immediately in a cool place if attacked by painful muscular spasms (particularly in the legs, arms or abdomen), and drinking oral rehydration solutions containing electrolytes is very helpful.
Medical attention is needed if heat cramps last more than an hour. For unusual symptoms or if symptoms persist, the person should consult a doctor.
If anyone presents hot dry skin and delirium, convulsions and/or unconsciousness, a doctor or ambulance should be called immediately. While waiting for help, the person has to be moved to a cool place, and put in a horizontal position by elevating legs and hips.
Then clothing must be removed and given external cooling, for example, by placing cold packs on the neck, axillae and groin, fanning continuously and spraying the skin with water at 25-30 degrees Celcius. Giving acetylsalicylic acid or paracetamol is prohibited.
Keeping the body cool
The WHO asks people to keep their bodies cool and hydrated by taking cool showers or baths during a heatwave.
Using cold packs and wraps, towels, sponging, and foot baths can also be helpful. Regarding dress, the WHO suggests wearing light, and loose-fitting clothes of natural materials. Using light bed linen and sheets, and no cushions can help avoid heat accumulation.
While going outside, people should wear a wide-brimmed hat or cap and sunglasses.
People should be selective while having food during a heatwave. They should drink regularly, but avoid alcohol and too much caffeine and sugar. They need to eat small meals and eat more often. Avoiding foods that are high in protein is very helpful.