The US loves its soldiers. They are heroes. They risk everything to protect our freedom. If they are killed, they have made the ultimate sacrifice.
In early 2010, when a soldier named Bradley Manning handed hundreds of thousands of diplomatic cables and Army reports over to WikiLeaks, he also risked everything to protect our freedom. But the American government is trying him for treason. And the American people, for the most part, don't care.
It was the largest release of classified information in US history. The documents revealed secret drone strikes, abusive conditions in Guantánamo and endemic corruption. They are credited in part for sparking the Arab Spring.
"You saw incredible things, awful things…things that belonged in the public domain, and not on some server stored in a dark room in Washington, DC … what would you do?" Manning asked a former hacker, Adrian Lamo, shortly after passing the information to WikiLeaks.
Manning is a 25-year-old gay kid from Oklahoma, ferociously smart, computer-addicted and psychologically fraught. He probably should never have been sent to war. During basic training, he was injured, and tormented as a "runt" and a "faggot." His superiors wrote that he could be "a risk to himself and possibly others." But the US army desperately needed intelligence analysts with computer skills, so in October 2009, at the age of 21, Manning was shipped to Iraq.
As an analyst, Manning had access to massive caches of information, from diplomatic cables to video footage of military operations. In a forward operating base east of Baghdad, he scrutinised documents while surrounded by televisions live-streaming destruction. He saw Iraqis arrested for distributing "terrorist literature," when they were really circulating critiques of their government's financial corruption. He told his superior officer, who shrugged, "Get back to work."
Manning downloaded cables, documents and videos that, in many cases, revealed brutal acts executed by the US military, and then passed them on to WikiLeaks. The first thing WikiLeaks released was helicopter cam footage it titled "Collateral Murder." It shows US pilots gunning down two Reuters employees, then killing an Iraqi Good Samaritan, who, with his children, had stopped to help the wounded. The pilots seem cheerful and trigger-happy. They joke about the sounds a tank makes rolling over a corpse.
Manning confessed his leak to Adrian Lamo after reading about the ex-hacker in Wired. Lamo, pallid and twitchy, is a Judas straight out of Central Casting. He pumped Manning for information, claiming that their communications were protected because Lamo was both a journalist and a priest. Then, he turned Manning over to the authorities.
A member of the armed forces, speaking to me on the condition of anonymity, said: "The military operates at the behest of our civilian masters. Those masters have the power to change law and policy. Citizens have the power to call their representatives to account through the political process. The military must NEVER set policy or interpret policy. That is how you get military juntas. In order for the United States to function as a free and open society, the military MUST carry out policy just like a machine would. This is what Bradley Manning failed to understand."
Manning was arrested in May 2010 and held in solitary confinement for the next nine months. Guards stripped him naked each night, took his glasses, woke him every hour and allowed him 20 minutes a day to walk shackled in figure-eights. Solitary breaks minds. Shane Bauer, a hiker who spent 26 months in solitary confinement in Iran, wrote: "I needed human contact so badly that I woke every morning hoping to be interrogated…I once yearned to be sat down in a padded, sound-proof room, blindfolded, and questioned, just so I could talk to somebody."
Thanks to international pressure, Manning was finally transferred to a normal cell in April 2011. But he has spent three years in jail just awaiting trial – longer than the sentences given to most of the torturers at Abu Ghraib.
Manning's trial begins on Monday. In a pre-trial hearing in January, he pled guilty to "misusing classified material," and explained his motivations for leaking the information. But he denied the capital charge of "aiding the enemy," for which he faces the possibility of life in prison.
Manning is accused of aiding the enemy because he posted the information to the internet, where al-Qaeda could read it. That the information went to WikiLeaks was irrelevant. The prosecution said Manning would be just as guilty if he had leaked it to the New York Times. You might start thinking that the enemy is the internet itself. Or, by extension, that the enemy is us.
Alexa O'Brien, an independent journalist who for the past two and a half years has provided the only public transcript of the hearings, said: "The mainstream media doesn't have much respect for Bradley Manning. There's a totem pole of influence. Manning isn't someone they're trying to win something from." O'Brien was threatened with arrest for being "disruptive" in the course of covering the hearings.
"I believe that if the general public…had access to the information…this could spark a domestic debate as to the role of the military and foreign policy in general," Manning testified in court. We now have access to that information, but it hasn't sparked a widespread debate.
"I guess I'm too idealistic," Manning typed to Lamo, days before he was arrested. "I want people to see the truth, because without information, you cannot make informed decisions as a public. I will officially give up on the society we have if nothing happens."
Maybe the greatest lie that Manning exposed won't have been about what the United States was really up to in Iraq and Afghanistan. It will be the lie we told ourselves – the lie that we cared about the truth.