Police arrested 23 activists of Islami Chhatra Shibir from Chittagong and Mymensingh districts on Saturday night and Sunday.
In Chittagong, police arrested 15 Shibir activists from different areas of the city on Saturday night.
Different leaflets and other documents were also recovered from their possessions.
They were held on charge of an attack on intern physician at Chittagong Medical College Hospital Sohel Parvez.
In Mymensingh, DB police arrested eight Shibir activists from a mess at Boira village near Bangladesh Agricultural University on Sunday morning.
Kudrat Hossain, office secretary of Bangladesh Agriculture University unit of Shibir, was among the arrested.
Five crude bombs, several books, one computer and a toy pistol were recovered from their possessions, said police.
Police said they were planning to commit sabotage.
They were handed over to Kotwali Model Police Station after interrogation.