A day of extraordinary fast-bowling dominance left Australia 165-8 at stumps after Mitchell Starc and Shoriful Islam both claimed six-wicket hauls in a remarkable second Test in Mackay on Saturday.
Australia lead by 101 runs after Bangladesh were bowled out for just 64, but Shoriful's sensational late spell gave the visitors renewed hope after Starc had earlier ripped through their batting.
Starc produced one of the most devastating spells of the day, taking five wickets in just 22 balls before finishing with 6-12 as Bangladesh were dismissed in only 26.4 overs.
Bangladesh reached lunch at 35-6 and lasted barely an hour after the interval. Only a 25-run last-wicket partnership between Taijul Islam and Shoriful prevented them from recording their lowest Test total of 43, set against the West Indies in 2018.
Shoriful top-scored with 14 while Taijul remained unbeaten on 11. Pat Cummins claimed 3-25 for Australia.
Starc made an immediate impact after Cummins won the toss and elected to bowl. The veteran left-armer removed Shadman Islam with the first ball of the match, then dismissed Tanzid Hasan with the first delivery of his second over.
Captain Najmul Hossain Shanto followed lbw to Starc's next delivery as Bangladesh slumped to 9-3.
The 36-year-old completed his 19th five-wicket haul in an innings in just 22 balls, the sixth-fastest such feat in Test history. He already holds the record after taking five wickets in 15 balls against the West Indies last year.
Bangladesh's innings never recovered. Mushfiqur Rahim resisted for 41 balls before Cummins bowled him for five, while Mehidy Hasan Miraz made 11 before being brilliantly caught by Cameron Green off Cummins after lunch.
Hasan Mahmud added 10 before Josh Hazlewood removed him, leaving Shoriful and Taijul to delay the inevitable before Starc fittingly wrapped up the innings by dismissing Shoriful.
Australia began their reply confidently, with Steve Smith and Green putting together a strong partnership as the hosts appeared set to build a commanding lead.
But Shoriful had other ideas.
The left-arm seamer trapped Smith lbw for 42 just before the drinks break, sparking an extraordinary collapse.
He then bowled Travis Head for 22 and dismissed Marnus Labuschagne for four, while recalled opener Matt Renshaw made eight before edging Taskin Ahmed to Tanzid Hasan at third slip.
Australia slipped from 148-4 to 165-8 as Shoriful claimed four wickets in a devastating late spell, including Starc for one to complete his six-for.
Green remained unbeaten on 51 off 81 balls, striking eight fours, while Nathan Lyon was 10 not out at stumps.
The first day produced 18 wickets and a remarkable swing in momentum, with Australia initially in complete control before Bangladesh fought back strongly in the final session.
Bangladesh came into the second Test high on confidence after their historic nine-wicket victory in Darwin, but Saturday's dramatic opening day again underlined the unpredictability of this series.
With Australia holding a 101-run lead but only two wickets remaining, Bangladesh will hope to finish the job quickly on Sunday and keep the Test within their reach.